Foreign Direct Investment in Japan is the first serious and comprehensive examination of why the direct participation of foreign firms in the economy of Japan is lower than in any other advanced industrial nation. An internationally acclaimed group of scholars and practitioners addresses this problem and considers what policy actions, if any, the Japanese government can take to increase direct investment. Foreign exchange controls banned direct investment into Japan until the late 1970s and this is still partially responsible for the low penetration of foreign firms. A fundamental question addressed by the book is whether or not ownership advantages in technology and management know-how possessed by foreign firms are strong enough to overcome the extra costs of doing business in Japan. Such extra costs or locational disadvantages include very high land and labour costs as well as business practices unique to Japan, characterized by the long-term customized transaction relationship among assemblers, component suppliers, distributors and financial institutions and the long-time employment system. Although the Government of Japan desires to invite more foreign firms, this book demonstrates that there are many areas where direct investment has been adversely affected by internal regulation. Foreign Direct Investment in Japan explores this participation of foreign firms in this economy from the perspectives of economic theory, history, and the practical experiences of non-Japanese firms that have attempted to do business directly in Japan.

Edward M. Graham, Nina Oding and Paul J. J. Welfens Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union have achieved sustained economic growth in first half of the new decade in the 2V^ century. EU ac cession countries which have joined the EU have benefited mainly from high capital inflows, a reduced risk premium - with shadow effects of this already occurring in the years before explicit membership - and growing trade. While system transformation has undermined trade between Eastern Europe and Russia for several years there are medium prospects for grow ing trade in the whole of Europe. Russia's case, however, is different from the EU accession countries as a major driving force of economic dynamics is the oil and gas sector which has considerable backward and forward linkages. At the same time this sector apparently is politically quite sensi tive. The Transatlantic Transformation and Economic Development Re search Group has organized several workshops within a major interna tional research project. The project is devoted to analyzing the internatio nalization of the Russian economy and the associated changes in major policy fields. This book contains the revised analytical papers from the St. Petersburg conference in 2003 when the city celebrated its 300 year anniversary. We are very grateful to the Leontief Center for excellent organization of the conference. The paper by Paul J. J.

'This resource provides a repertoire of high-effect comprehension strategies. It is important for classroom teachers and school leaders to be able to justify why they are using specific strategies and what the benefits are of a specific strategy. Nessel and Graham provide this justification' - W. Dorsey Hammond, Professor of Education, Salisbury University How can teachers improve students' higher level and creative thinking? The revised edition of this handbook provides strategies and sample lesson plans to help students learn to think more effectively and to raise their achievement levels. Drawing upon past and recent research, the authors discuss the importance of actively engaging all students - including those with a history of low achievement - in higher levels of thinking. The thirty specific strategies can be readily integrated into daily lesson plans. This step-by-step guide shows teachers how to: * Help students develop, refine, and extend their thinking capacities * Challenge students to creatively approach complex and unfamiliar material * Encourage students to bring their own perspective to class assignments * Provide students at all learning levels with appropriate support With its user-friendly, practical approach, this important resource should be in the hands of every teacher!

There have been many important advances in our understanding of biological membrane structure and function over the last decade. Much of this progress has been driven by the development of new techniques for studying membrane components and their interactions. Tradition ally, the investigation of membranes has largely occurred within the domains of biochemistry, physical chemistry, and cell biology; but many of the most significant advances have resulted from an expansion into other disciplines, such as molecular biology, immunology, and the clinical sciences. In these two volumes we have attempted to bring together some of these techniques-to combine the old and the new. Biomembrane Protocols: II. Architecture and Function is concerned exclusively with the architecture and activities of membranes, whereas the companion volume, Biomembrane Protocols: I. Isolation and Analysis, deals with their isolation and compositional analysis. The aim of each chapter is to provide detailed technical and meth odological information that will allow the reader to perform the tech nique successfully, without the need to consult other texts. Detailed reviews of membrane structure and function are not included, except where they are relevant to the choice or efficacy of a particular proce dure. In addition to Materials and Methods sections, each chapter has a Notes section that explains the reasons for taking certain steps and pro vides practical tips for applying the techniques to other systems.

Edward M. Graham, Nina Oding and Paul J. J. Welfens Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union have achieved sustained economic growth in first half of the new decade in the 2V DEGREES century. EU ac cession countries which have joined the EU have benefited mainly from high capital inflows, a reduced risk premium - with shadow effects of this already occurring in the years before explicit membership - and growing trade. While system transformation has undermined trade between Eastern Europe and Russia for several years there are medium prospects for grow ing trade in the whole of Europe. Russia's case, however, is different from the EU accession countries as a major driving force of economic dynamics is the oil and gas sector which has considerable backward and forward linkages. At the same time this sector apparently is politically quite sensi tive. The Transatlantic Transformation and Economic Development Re search Group has organized several workshops within a major interna tional research project. The project is devoted to analyzing the internatio nalization of the Russian economy and the associated changes in major policy fields. This book contains the revised analytical papers from the St. Petersburg conference in 2003 when the city celebrated its 300 year anniversary. We are very grateful to the Leontief Center for excellent organization of the conference. The paper by Paul J. J."

Expert practitioners combine the traditional basic techniques of membrane isolation and analysis with modern advances in molecular biology, immunology, and clinical sciences to devise analytical techniques that are successful for expert and novice alike. The techniques are used in the isolation and compositional analysis of membranes and address animal, plant, and microbial cells. The topics covered in this first volume include the isolation of subcellular fractions, centrifugation, the extraction and quantitation of lipids, the separation and analysis of proteins, and the isolation and characterization of glycosylated molecules, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycolipids.

This book aids clinicians in supporting and caring for transgender and gender-diverse children and adolescents - youth who are born into an incongruent body. A recent study using data from 19 states reported that 1.8% of American youth identified as transgender. Many people who are transgender will experience gender dysphoria, the intense emotional distress that is caused by a discrepancy between a person's gender identity and their sex assigned at birth. In this compact volume, the authors discuss the variety of domains involved in addressing gender dysmorphia: social, psychological, medical, and legislative/advocacy. They provide clear and concise information on the types and timing of gender-affirming medications and surgical interventions and offer useful suggestions for making interactions in the clinic and the clinical space inclusive for transgender and gender-diverse youth. Among the topics covered include: identity development and gender nonconformity in early childhood and puberty the importance of access to mental health professionals with expertise in gender nonconformity the responsible use of developmentally appropriate gender-affirming medications and surgical interventions related clinical issues such as nutrition counselling for youth receiving gender-affirming treatments creating a safe and inclusive healthcare environment for transgender and gender-diverse youth advocating for transgender and gender-diverse patients by working with local and national policy makers Providing Affirming Care to Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth is essential reading for pediatric healthcare professionals including physicians in pediatrics and family medicine, plastic surgeons, nurses, dietitians, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and other practitioners. Students in these fields as well as policy makers also would find this a useful resource.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second OpenSHMEM Workshop, held in Annapolis, MD, USA, in August 2015. The 12 technical papers and one short position papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. The topics of the workshop included extensions to the OpenSHMEM API, implementation of the API for current and emerging architectures, tools to debug and profile OpenSHMEM programs, experience porting applications to the OpenSHMEM programming model, and changes to the OpenSHMEM specification to address the needs of programming exascale systems.

Perfect for residents, pediatricians, practitioners, or parents seeking further information, Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Deformation provides evidence-based management for a range of common pediatric problems affecting the limbs and craniofacial region. The only source devoted to the diagnoses and management of birth defects resulting from mechanical forces, this reference supplies the essential guidance needed for timely intervention and effective treatment. Examines the initial clinical approach to suspected deformation problems, and then walks you through pathogenesis, diagnostic features, management, prognosis, and counseling for each condition. Addresses a full range of lower extremity deformations; joint dislocations; nerve palsies; chest and spinal deformations; head and neck deformations; craniosynostosis and cranial bone variations; problems associated with abnormal birth presentation, birth palsies, and procedure-related defects; infant head shape variations; and torticollis. Distinguish deformations from malformations for appropriate management. Each chapter utilizes four consistent sections - Genesis, Features, Management and Prognosis, and Differential Diagnosis - to provide concise yet comprehensive information on 50 common pediatric conditions. These chapters are available for individual purchase or download to serve as educational guides for parents regarding evidence-based management of these conditions. Diagnosis and management of common pediatric orthopedic conditions is covered in detail. Updated discussion of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome brings a new focus to the important topic of infant sleeping environments. New before-and-after illustrations and detailed discussions focus on cranial-orthotic molding helmets and the surgical correction of craniosynostosis. Provides evidence-based management recommendations on common fetal complications such as oligohydramnios, pulmonary hypoplasia, and uterine structural abnormalities, and discusses current management techniques for each. Selected references at the end of each chapter provide further recent information regarding each of these topics. Offers essential information to a range of professionals, including neonatologists, pediatricians, family practitioners, nurses, physical and occupational therapists, rehabilitative specialists, pediatric nurse practitioners, and residents in all fields. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references in the book on a variety of devices.

As leaders climb the executive ladder, there are unique differences between age groups. The millennial leader must be groomed for success and faces many obstacles as they progress. As prior generations begin to retire, the next set of leaders must be in the position to sustain the new roles that they are ascending to and have the knowledge and competency to do so. As these leaders quickly move into senior roles, they must be sufficiently prepared. Without this advancement and preparation, there will be no leaders to sustain our organizations and institutions. Considerations and Characteristics of the Millennial Leader in Today's Global Society explores the routes of millennial leaders for ascension through the educational and corporate ranks, along with the challenges, lessons learned, and qualifications needed to be successful. It provides narratives and insights on the millennial leader, leadership qualities needed of future leaders, and delves into other millennial leaders who have ascended, as well as how managers, supervisors, and senior leaders can help in the changes of the organizational life cycle. Covering topics such as emotionally intelligent leadership, positive social psychology, and leadership development, this premier reference source is an essential resource for business executives and managers, human resource managers, entrepreneurs, government officials, politicians, community leaders, students and educators of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.